Depression is one of the most common disorders seen among people due to their hectic modern and sedentary lifestyles it is one of the significant contributors to the global disease burden and is becoming so common in adults as well as in children these days depression is affecting approximately 350 million people worldwide. According to the WHO Report 2012 when the world mental health survey was conducted in 17 countries it was found that on average about one in 20 people reported having an episode of depression in the previous year.
Depressive disorders are very dangerous, and they start as early as childhood and can become chronic or recurrent. They can lead to suicide and are associated with the loss of many lines. So, it can be said that it is also one of the causes of disability worldwide. Depression is presented by.
No mood loss of interest or pleasure feelings of guilt or low self-worth disturbed sleep or appetite low energy and poor concentration. A depressive episode can be mild moderate or severe. It depends on the number of symptoms and the severity of symptoms.
When a person suffers from a mild depressive episode, he or she will have difficulty in continuing with his or her routine work and social activities there are symptoms of lethargy loss of interest sad mood, but that person keeps working. On the other hand, when there is a severe depressive episode, the sufferer will not be able to work socially and will not be able to perform domestic activities there are symptoms of profound sadness complete loss of interest, and suicidal ideas are commonly seen in severely depressed patients.
Causes of depression
There are many causes of depression it could be.
Faulty mood regulation by the brain genetic predisposition stressful life events some medications biological effect environmental effect psychological factors
Depression is an illness that is related to the brain. Many theories suggest that the chemicals which are present in our brain known as neurotransmitters play an important role during depressive episodes they get out of balance in depression.
There are scientific studies and research which indicate that there are certain jeans that may make some people more prone to depression. Two main reasons in the brain are important in exciting emotions and moods these are:
Amygdala – it beans with fear anxiety surprise and anger it is related to reflexive emotions like appearing very rapidly and without any prior thought.
Prefrontal Lobe – it deals with four sides that are planning and plays a role in self-control as well as emotions mood and temperament. It is involved in rational and slow-developing emotions that are under conscious control.
There are EEG studies that show that when the left prefrontal load is more active there is a good mood having positive emotions and when the right is pretty low active mode becomes strongly negative.
Role of Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are chemicals that relay messages between neurons they are deeply involved in nerve cell communication. Different neurotransmitters involved in depression are:
Serotonin – this neurotransmitter helps in the regulation of sleep appetite and mode it inhibits pain low levels of serotonin by-product have been linked to a higher risk of depression and suicidal tendencies.
Nor epinephrine – it is responsible for the construction of blood vessels and plays a role in increasing blood pressure it triggers anxiety and influences motivation and scene to be involved in some types of depression.
Dopamine – it places a very important role in the real life of a person because it is involved in motivation and place a role in how a person perceives reality. One of the important functions of dopamine is in the reward system which is why it places an important role in substance abuse it is related to hallucinations or delusions.
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